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LITERARY DEVICES
LANGUAGE SPARKER Language sparker is the literary device which helps in making the artistic use of language. The language that has no artisan of words or words manual is called a dead language. The style of a writer often depends on the choice of particular literary devices. Certain artistic effects in a literary work are produced by devices. Without literary devices we can not express our thoughts in an emotional way. An emotional appeal is also an artistic quality.It is true that some people much incline to think that artistic quality is an inborn quality.But we have seen a number of exceptional cases.To name a few are Demostheneds, Burke, Macaulay , Dickens, Virginia Woolf, R.K. Narayan and Ruskin Bond. There is another misconception among many of us that simple and lucidity is a token of literary works. To speak frankly, we get wedded with a simple lady and avoid modern artificial bedrooms, but when we attend a party under gl...
THE READING OF THE NOVEL
T H E R E A D I N G OF THE N O V E L To say , a novel is narrative prose. Like other literary branches, a novel has two basic characteristics. They are - a story and a storyteller. Generally a novel makes a realistic treatment of life and manners. The characters are like ourselves. Thus, in a novel we see ourselves. It is admitted by many that the novel came into existence by Daniel Defoe's great works 'Robinson Crusoe in 1719 and Moll Flander. These two works produced attractive stories of a man by string realistic episodes.There is another genius who is Samuel Richardson. His 'Pamela' is a brilliant creation of an epistolary novel . It is based on emotional plotting. Perhaps it was written in 1740. They are the accounts of the experiences of the common man. T H E D I F F E R E N C E B E T W E E N E P I C A N ...
POETRY , OUR OLD FRIEND
Poetry remains our old friend. When our ancestors became happy after hunting a beast , they, in excitement, made a campfire and used to enjoy dancing and uttering sounds. Perhaps, this is the old beginning of poetry. We are human beings and have two special instincts. One is impulse, and another is imitation. Both of them tend to create sensation. Sensation includes joy, sorrow, love, excitement and so on. WHAT IS A POETRY? Sorry, we do not have any precise definition of poetry like physical science or mathematics. But we have many definitions to fill this purpose. Dr.Johnson gives us the feature of poetry as ' material work' in dealing with invitations. Carlyle puts poetry ' a musical thought'. Many Marxist poets call poetry "a collection of emotions'' Wordsworth says it as ' the spontaneous overflow into the of powerful feelings'. Coleridge says , ' the antithesis of science, having the objective to give pleasure'. P....
KISHORGONJ ( MY BIRTHPLACE) Nirad C Chaudhari (1897-1999)
KISHORGONJ ( MY BIRTHPLACE) Nirad C Chaudhari (1897-1999) " The town of Kishorganj was divided into ………….. they had had all desires fulfilled." About Author: Mother India has given birth to many great men. Nirad Chandra Chaudhary is one of them. He was a Bengal scholar, a writer as well as an advocate of the British Raj. On November 23, 1897 at Kishorganj in Mymensing in Bangladesh , he took his first breath to Upendra Narayan Chaudhary, a lawyer and Sushilasudarani Chaudhary. From his childhood, he was well- versed in Sanskrit literature. He was a prolific writer in English as well. His famous books are 'The Autobiography of an Unknown India.', 'A passage to England.' 'Scholar extraordinary' etc. He was also an editor of the ...
COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH
COMMUNICATIVE ENGLISH Communicative English is concerned with linguistic communication. Linguistic communication includes body language,oral delivery of words, and written communication. Today it is not just about social affairs nor is the instrument of sophisticated traits. Because of living now in the 'Global Village',it has extended its modes of application. With the changes of time and space,our societies and cultures tend to change. To acquire attitude,skill and knowledge, as a beginner, we need to do the following. It may seem boring, monotonous, hard, but our passion will forward us the path of achievement. We should listen to the radio regularly and follow Englishness We should watch television programs as well as English movies and learn how they speak and their body language. The habit of reading newspapers daily is a good habit. Here we learn the use of language, the grammatical usages, vocabularies, etc. We...
ENGLISH PHONETICS - 1
E N G L I S H P H O N E T I C S Notes: 1 Speech sounds: ( no air no sound) Speech sounds are two types: 1) Vowels 2) Consonants 1) VOWEL SOUNDS: * no closure,no narrowing ,and no friction in the air passage. *Vocal cords vibrate to produce sounds. * air stream comes from the lungs freely Total No : 20 2) Consonant sounds: * sounds are produced by friction. * voiceless or voiced Total No : 24 Before going further , let us know ; A FEW SPECIAL SIGNS FOR FUTURE HELP SIGNS MEANINGS 1) / / ...
COMMON ERRORS
COMMON ERRORS Our mentality and culture are expressed by the use and product of language. The right use of words, sentences and expressions are our language property. It is not easy to acquire the total of any language. But our love of knowing the truth is the genuineness that helps us to reach our destinations. Only one thing that we can do now is to walk, because walking is progress.It is also a good practice. If we walk, we will be able to see tiny creatures , and also the horizon at a distance. In addition, I have my own belief that Path Knows The Way. Path comes to us when we start to walk. The sentences must be neat, refined and correct. It is a good livable quality. 1) Can't you see clock?(x) Can't you see the clock?(√) Note: Except in a few cases, When nouns are singular,an article is used before them. 2) He is a talkative. (x) He is talkative (✓) He is a ...
HOW TO WRITE SUBSTANCE
SUBSTANCE WRITING ART: Writing of substance is a great art. Every art has its specific field of application. Substance writing ability is one of the serious skills that has a higher demand in departmental works. The word 'substance' has been acquired from a Latin word 'substare'. The word 'sub' means 'under' and 'stare' stands for 'to stand'. The writing of substance is not the superficial work, but penetrate into the deep of the meaning. It should be brief, clear and accurate. The accuracies of substance- writing: Every letter in the word SUBSTANCE has a particular and exploring characteristic. The letters stand for: The letter 'S' represents simplicity, the letter 'U' represents unity, the letter 'B' represents brevity, the letter 'S' stands for solidity, the letter 'T' for terseness, the letter ' 'A' for accuracy, the letter 'N' represents neutrality, the 'C' f...
DRAMA, THE BIGGEST MIRROR ON THE WORLD
DRAMA THE FINEST CREATION ON EARTH T H E O R I G I N O F D R A M A: [ The Greek theatre] Between 600 and 200 BC, as is said by historians , perhaps, is the beginning of drama. In Athens, it was created as a theatre culture. From then on, this theatre culture became popular. The work of drama began from religious rituals. Greece people paid their offerings to Dionysus, the god of fertility. The manner of the offerings was endowed with dancing and displaying emotion. An essential part of the offerings was the dithyramb which was a chant and which was accompanied by mimicry and in that, a group of men were involved. This dithyramb , with passing of time, became play , and now it becomes drama. In about 600 B.C. lyrics were written formally for ...
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